Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this article is to investigate the porosity-dependent impact study of a plate with Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations reinforced with agglomerated carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Design/methodology/approach – Based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory, the strain energy related to elastic foundations is added to system strain energy. Using separation of variables and Lagrangian generalized equations, the nonlinear and time-dependent motion equations are extracted. Findings – Verification examples are fulfilled to prove the precision and effectiveness of the presented model. The impact outputs illustrate the effects of various distribution of CNTs porosity functions along the plate thickness direction, Winkler Pasternak elastic foundations and different boundary conditions on the Hertz contact law, the plate center displacement, impactor displacement and impactor velocity. Originality/value – This paper investigates the effect of Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations on the functionally graded porous plate reinforced with agglomerated CNTs under impact loading.