Thermoelectric waste heat recovery systems (WHRSs) can be used appropriately to recover wasted heat from
various industrial processes. In the current work, new thermodynamic modeling was developed to harvesting
waste heat from an integrated system includes an externally fired gas turbine and a biomass gasifier by three
thermoelectric WHRSs. The biomass system consisted a gas turbine cycle, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and a
domestic water heater were first thermodynamically modeled, and then effects of adding thermoelectric WHRSs
to different locations of the system were investigated. It is observed that first law efficiency of the system (η1) will
become 17.11% (an increase of 0.35%) if the total output heat from the stack enters WHRSs. The efficiencies of
the system can be increased from 16.76% to 17.93% by placing a WHRS on the condenser of ORC. Moreover, the
operating parameters have a significant effect on the integrated system efficiency; the influence of increasing αGE
on the efficiencies is in contrast to the effect of enhancing αcond. In addition, an economic assessment of integrating
WHRSs with the biomass gasifier integrated system is conducted and the conditions are indicated
under which the proposed system is profitable. Furthermore, the results of genetic algorithm based multi-objective
optimization shows that with the use of γDU =2 and γL,ORC = 30 defined thermal efficiencies are at their
optimum state.