This study examines the impact of integrating proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and reverse osmosis (RO) desalination systems into a solar liquid natural gas (SLNG) system. To this end, two configurations are analyzed: the basic SLNG system and the enhanced SLNG-PEMFC/RO system, incorporating PEMFC and RO technologies. Energy, exergy, and exergo-economic assessments are conducted for both setups. The findings reveal that integrating PEMFC and RO into the SLNG system boosts net output power by 26.22%, energy efficiency by 39.28%, and production revenue by 201%. However, the exergy efficiency, LCOE, and payback period of the SLNG-PEMFC/RO system are 31.84%, 82%, and 205.5% lower, respectively, compared to the base SLNG system. Additionally, increasing PEMFC temperature enhances net output power, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency by 26.5%, 4.64%, and 11.03%, respectively. On the other hand, higher PEMFC temperatures result in increases of 10.56% in LCOE and 21.5% in production revenue. Notably, PEMFC pressure has the least influence on the performance of the SLNG-PEMFC/ RO system.
