Adsorption isotherm models describe how adsorbates (the substances being adsorbed) interact with the surface of adsorbents at a constant temperature. These models are crucial for understanding and optimizing adsorption processes in various industries. Adsorption isotherms describe how the amount of adsorbate changes as the concentration varies. This information helps predict the performance of adsorbents in practical applications, such as water purification or air filtration. By understanding the equilibrium relationships between adsorbate concentration and adsorbent uptake, engineers can design and optimize adsorption systems for processes like filtration, separation, and catalysis. This study provides a concise overview of the Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin isotherm models used to investigate the behavior of adsorbents.
