DC microgrids are at the cutting edge of power industry innovation, offering unparalleled efficiency and integration potential for modern energy systems. Despite their advantages, the critical challenge of the lack of inherent inertia persists, compromising system stability. An innovative and essential sustainability solution, green inertia, has been introduced to address this issue. By leveraging grid-forming converters and simulating the properties of rotating masses, this idea allows modern grids to move away from fossil fuels towards a more sustainable future without compromising sustainability. This study introduces the application of green inertia within four state-of-the-art grid-forming DC-DC converters designed for battery integration. These include the Buck-Boost (BUBO), Single- and Three-phase Dual Active Bridge (DAB and ThPh-DAB), and the Dual Active Half- Bridge (DAHB). Leveraging the Virtual Compound DC Machine (VCDCM), this research introduces novel inertia emulation techniques, marking the first implementation of VCDCM in DAB, ThPh-DAB, and DAHB converters. Extensive simulations highlight the effectiveness of these converters in stabilizing DC microgrid performance while balancing technical efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This work redefines the role of grid-forming converters and sets a foundational framework for next-generation DC microgrids, paving the way for resilient and adaptive power systems.
