Biological neuron models provide a valuable framework for studying complex brain phenomena, including the emergence of abnormal excitability, prior to invasive experimental procedures. These models offer safe and controlled environments for simulating neuronal dynamics and exploring functional hypotheses. To improve the precision and responsiveness of such investigations, implementing neuron models on real time, brain inspired hardware is essential. In this work, we present a high speed, measurement oriented neuromorphic system for real-time monitoring and detection of neuronal excitability, with a focus on the role of autaptic feedback. The proposed system is realized on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) using a fully multiplierless architecture, integrating a coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) method for trigonometric computations and piecewise linear approximations to reduce computational complexity and hardware costs. Our design achieves up to 4× speedup and over 70% reduction in hardware resources on both Spartan-3 and Virtex-5 platforms. This substantial improvement in hardware efficiency enables faster, more accurate, and higher resolution monitoring and detection of abnormal spiking behavior in real time. Furthermore, dynamic validation and energy-based analysis demonstrate the influence of autaptic strength on the system’s energy and neural activity. Overall, the developed system offers a scalable, real time, and cost-effective platform for neuromorphic instrumentation aimed at next generation brain inspired monitoring and analysis.
